Social Innovation and the Role of Leadership Research Paper

Social Innovation and the Role of Leadership - Research Paper Example To the extent interior legitimacy of the distributed article is concerned, it is again substantial as there are various references utilized inside the article. The pre-owned references in the paper are refered to inside the paper. The writers of the article utilize side notes and end notes to allude and clarify any thoughts or composed substance that needs portrayal, which makes the article simple to follow. The references remembered for the paper separate in their substance type as they are from books, diaries and web libraries. Their distribution dates are before 2007 as 2007 is simply the time of the article. The journalists have fused the composed substance from various timescales so as to gather various suppositions about social development as a wide term. Toward the finish of the article, be that as it may, a references segment is missing that ought to be a piece of scholastic composition. Just a segment with the name of further perusing proposals can be discovered that illumin ates that the perusers regarding the article can go for extra readings in the event that they are keen regarding the matter of the paper. Alongside side notes and end noticed, a different references area ought to be given toward the end that is deficient in the paper. Language of the article is enlightening and straightforward as the thoughts and speculations portrayed by the authors are simpler to follow and understand. The focused on perusers of the article are individuals identified with business, innovation, humanism and different fields, youth and every single others too. The article discusses improvement of social orders and their issues so it can't be confined to a particular crowd of gathering of individuals. This article is composed for a more extensive crowd. The arrangement of the article is elucidating and formal as the perusers can note appropriate headings with end notes and side notes alongside models that are logical. As the title of the article is social advancement , in this way, the journalists give point by point and expressive meanings of the title. The article whenever watched hypothetically is very unequivocal and suggestive and gives an away from of the various terms and hypotheses identified with social advancement. As indicated by Mulgan, et al (2007), development is about ‘new thoughts that work’ (8). The scholars additionally clarify that social development isn't business advancement; it is a great deal unique in relation to business advancement. Social development is related with humanism and achievement of social objectives. As indicated by the authors, the term social advancement is very wealthy in its importance and is boundless as far as its peripheries. By making a decision about the article and its expressly portrayed substance, it is very evident that hypothetically, the article is very clear in its implications. Initiative: Exploration and Identification The article gives instances of pioneers who did creative w orks in their particular fields. As per Mulgan, et al (2007), individuals from various fields who can likewise be named as pioneers of social development, for example, â€Å"politicians, administrators, learned people, agents just as NGO activists† (14) took part in characterizing the idea of social advancement and pioneers assume a compelling job in investigating and recognizing the idea of social advancement. As per the article, there are four skylines of compelling initiative, which are heritage/generational time, long,

Tiziano Vecellios Art Style and the Italian Renaissance

Tiziano Vecellios Art Style and the Italian Renaissance Ever, craftsmanship has changed much of the time. With new ideas and exploratory ways, the new artistic expressions gradually become acknowledged by society, while the past procedures blur out of spotlight; in any case, the old methods are not overlooked. Inside each period, the new strategies that originate from the imaginative personalities and their thoughts, have set up additional from the motivation of old aptitudes, similar to the change from Renaissance to Mannerism; this lead to the promoting of various workmanship styles later on ages. Foundation data on class, timeframe and nation of source The Italian Renaissance was the emerging purpose of present day age. The period extended from 1400 to 1550, beginning from Florence, Italy. It was the recovery of logical and aesthetic developments. It was additionally the renewal of Greek and Roman learning. This basic timespan connected the connection of the medieval times to the advanced age. The Italian Renaissance was part into two stages, the Early Renaissance and the High Renaissance. The High Renaissance, at the peak of Renaissance craftsmanship from 1500 to 1525, was the consequence of the summit of the diverse creative movement of the Early Renaissance. During the 1520s of the Italian Renaissance, High Renaissance was overstated to Mannerism. The High Renaissance was a time that carried all out innovative virtuoso to the world ever. Characterisitcs of craftsmanship being finished during that time and mediums utilized The adjustments in craftsmanship during the Italian Renaissance were obviously found in compositions and figures. While the craftsmen kept on utilizing strict topic, they consolidated the thought with the standards of the human figure and the intrigue in portraying nature. Craftsmen started trying different things with their compositions by utilizing oil-based paints, which were functional for a while because of the moderate drying pace of the paints. The fresco procedure, created during the Italian Renaissance and utilized by specialists like Michelangelo, included work of art on mortars dividers. Light and point of view was acclimated to give a feeling of reality through three-dimensional symbolism. Specialists increased new knowledge and procedures to their idea of room and structure in the Italian Renaissance, which has in this way changed craftsmanship until the end of time. Foundation data on craftsman Tiziano Vecellio, likewise more broadly known as Titian, was probably the best craftsman of the High Rennaissance. He was conceived in Pieve di Cadore, Italy. The time of his introduction to the world is profoundly contested between researchers, yet it is accepted to be somewhere in the range of 1477 and 1488. As a little fellow, he was a disciple to Giovanni Bellinni, another extraordinary painter in Italy at that point. In 1508, the now youthful free painter, Titian, joined the Venetian painter, Giorgione to decorate the veneer of the Fondaco dei Tedeschi in Venice. Titians work was mixed up as a better than ever style of Giorgione. The cooperation between the two specialists prompted more workmanship coordinated effort; together, they investigated oil painting methods, by ways like straightforwardly applying an undiluted medium on the canvas. At the passing of Giovanni Bellini in 1516, it left Titian with no enemy in Venice, which let him get his old bosses work as the official painter to the Republic. His first significant open commission was the Assumption of the Virgin which was painted for the Basilica of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari in Venice. In 1533, he was selected as the court painter of Charles V, the most influential man of the century, being Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and the King of Spain. In 1548, he went through nine months in Augsburg with the Imperial Court. After a large portion of 10 years, he initiates a progression of poesie for Phillip II in 1554. In spite of the fact that Titian was not a man of much instruction, he was one of extraordinary ability. Titian was a rich and beguiling man who was additionally alluring and intriguing in discussion, which made it simple for him to assemble connections and associations with influential individuals. Over the range of twenty years, Titian made connections and associations with august support, while proceeding with work for other Venetian places of worship. As he developed more established, his vision declined and his hand control was debilitating. Lamentably, during a plague flare-up, Titian kicked the bucket, on August 27, 1576, as a rich and celebrated man. He was buried into the Church of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari. His all inclusive notoriety keeps on being known to this present day. Styles and procedures utilized by craftsman Titian was a scandalous Venetian painter during the High Renaissance. He was known for his splendid rich hues and his striking brush work. The intense utilization of shading and the lavish rich layers were the aftereffect of much arrangement, the medium utilized and the surface picked. Legendary artistic creations, strict artworks, representations, and holy places were only a portion of the works he achieved. His fine art ought to be seen from a separation to get the as it was wanted to be seen. A lot of his abilities were affected by Giorgione, where he improved his style with new components and flawlessness. From 1530 to 1550, his methodology and style turned out to be increasingly sensational. The one of a kind practices Titian painted with joined with his incredible ability were what made him a stunning painter. As Titian developed as a craftsman, he had as explicit techniques to his artistic creations. To begin with, he portrayed his photos with heaps of shading that frames the preparation of crafted by craftsmanship. For as long as a while, without looking, he left his organization confronting a divider. He at that point came back to them to develop figures, make changes, and right any wrongs. While modifying his working, he managed features by orchestrating hues and tones by scouring the piece with his fingers. A substitute path was by including strokes and splendid spots with his fingers to consummate his work. As he developed more seasoned, he started to paint with his fingers more. He accepted that It isn't brilliant hues yet great drawing that makes figures delightful. Nitty gritty investigation of work of art Titians perfect work of art, Bacchanal of the Andrians, shows that it is a finished accomplishment through structure components. The sythesis of crafted by workmanship is masterminded with the human makes sense of spread uniformly over the level range of the canvas. The hues included are rich and strong; they are not very splendid to overwhelm the entire piece. The consonant bond between the tones and shading that is utilized by Titian is notorious. The differentiation in shading between the different sides adjust one another. The differentiation in shading in the dress of the moving couple contrasted with the remainder of the drinking individuals, bring it out two an optional point of convergence. With bare lady in the corner as the point of convergence, it brings the eyes all through the artwork, from the point of convergence to the moving couple to the others. Bachannal of the Adrians is by all accounts deciphering a message of festivity. This might be the chance of a marriage because of the moving couple in bolder hues and the measure of exercises (drinking, celebrating, and sheet music) included. Be that as it may, these activities could likewise demonstrate a festival because of the homecoming of a notable individual. The characters associated with crafted by craftsmanship have incredible significance as well. The lady in the white dress may speak to blamelessness; different women may speak to defenselessness and envy as observed from their situating and facial feelings. The bare men encompassing different ladies may speak to desire and need, as they are somehow or another in contact, truly or optically, to the ladies. End New craftsmanship methods were and still are created through time. Titian, perhaps the best craftsman of the high Renaissance, was one who built up new aptitudes and strategies from others through his life that roused others to make more since the beginning. There are numerous means engaged with workmanship to fuel to this progression. As indicated by Titian, Painting done under tension by specialists without the fundamental ability can just offer ascent to shapelessness, as painting is a calling that requires genuine feelings of serenity. http://www.artinthepicture.com/specialists/Titian/Quotes/

Service-Learning Case Study Madison, WI

Service-Learning Case Study Madison, WI FutureFit SR ? Information on benefits and implementation of service-learning projects for students, including case studies. Updated on: January 29, 2001 Page 1 of 2Service-Learning Case Study: Madison, WI As one of the nation's oldest alternative schools, Malcolm Shabazz City High School is used to being a leader in developing new and creative methodology. They got a jump-start with service-learning when a group of three teachers first introduced this program to the school fifteen years ago. Think small and deep... that initial project may turn into a decade-long project! Not only do students in the still-running class about the Mississippi Delta learn about the region's rich history and culture, but they travel there, providing service to local organizations and families in exchange for learning opportunities. Upon returning home, they share their experience of one of the nation's poorest areas through a series of presentations. That project, coupled with the school's mission of non-harassment, served as a solid foundation when the school applied six years ago for a grant that would help them to weave service more thoroughly throu ghout the curriculum. One of the first things they did after receiving funding was to train Jane Hammat-Kalvaloski, the school social worker involved in the Mississippi Delta project. Her leadership has helped service-learning to become well-established at Malcolm Shabazz.

The Achievements Of Truman s Presidency - 1560 Words

The Noteworthy Period of Truman’s Presidency The period of time that covered Harry S. Truman’s term of presidency, spanning from the year 1945 to 1953, were comprised of a multitude of various historical recollections. With a focus on both national policies and rulings that were aimed towards a nationalist improvement, Truman’s term as president also encompassed a series of foreign incidents and consequential outcomes. Of the two – domestically and abroad - it is doubtless for modern scholars to now reflect upon this period of time for both its former effect on the American homeland and the results of its lasting values. Of Truman’s various contributions to American history, the most recognized extent of his initial actions in office†¦show more content†¦Which, in turn, reflects back to Truman’s presidential guidance at this time. In April of 1945, U.S. marines invaded the Japanese territory of Okinawa. Though Japanese military stra tegies during the Pacific Theatre of World War II are now recognized for their ruthless effect on the American soldiers, such intimidation did not stop the American progression during the Okinawa campaign; U.S. Marines maintained a strong focus on capturing this Japanese territory. In their three months of fighting, the Allies got a scarce insight into what consequences may result from a later invasion of Japan’s homeland. Consequently, it seemed logical for Truman’s subsequent actions in pertinence to the war to follow a slightly different approach. Observing the success of the Manhattan Project in the summer of 1945, Truman was later faced with a doubtful decision – the use an atomic bomb to end the war. With little hesitation, Truman ordered the military to assemble plans for the dropping of two atomic bombs on Japanese targets. Warning Japan of their impending fate, Truman offered initial surrender. However, japan refused and thus two atomic bombs were dropp ed on the Japanese islands of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. With devastation now prevalent, the Japanese surrendered their opposition. The year 1945 also encompassed the preliminary stages aimed towards rebuilding the war-torn nations. Two meetings – the Yalta Conference and the Potsdam Conference – were enacted to organize this future

Synthesis Essay Henry Ford Essay - 2130 Words

Synthesis Essay – Henry Ford MSgt Steven S. Bobbitt Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy Henry Ford What kind of leader would you be if you forged a new path and were leading the way in an industrial revolution? Would you set yourself up for fame or would you look out for those below you and what was to come in the future? In this paper, my claim is that Henry Ford was a Visionary and Ethical Leader. When many think about Henry Ford, their first thought is that of the assembly line; however, he did not invent the assembly line. He improved it along with the lives of those who worked for him. Henry Ford is responsible for many of the industrial processes that are still apparent in the civilian and military workforces today. Watts (2006), stated â€Å"by developing Fordism in the early twentieth century, with its formula of mass production and high wages, he offered a socioeconomic blueprint for the United States’ climb to global prominence over the next half-century. Perhaps more than any other person, Henry Ford created the American Century† (p. xv). In this paper we will review the Visionary Leadership of Henry Ford. I will explain how he used the â€Å"Z† Process within Team Dynamics as a risker taker and forward thinker. I will also show how he used Transformation leadership from Full Range Leadership to successfully lead his team and employees to accomplish goals. Secondly, Henry Ford was an Ethical Leader because he used Ethical Codes as describedShow MoreRelatedSynthesis Essay - Henry Ford2093 Words   |  9 Pages Synthesis Essay – Henry Ford MSgt Ronald D. Dedman Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy September 7, 2014 Instructor: MSgt Tony Sansone Introduction Imagine yourself on a farm. Out in the middle of a Michigan field. This isn’t a modern farm with tractors, combines, hay bailers, and trucks to move everything around. It is small. Very quiet. Just you and a horse. You need that horse to do everything. 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Allusions in Brave New World Free Essays

Henry Ford served as the inventor for the assembly line. He believed that the idea of independently manufacturing products was too inefficient and cultivated the idea to move the product instead of the people building it. Ford also pioneered technological research in developing products. We will write a custom essay sample on Allusions in Brave New World or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ford served as the turning point for technology; introducing and utilizing break-through ideas. Not only did he change how automobiles were manufactured, he changed the way people thought about technology. He made new technologies readily accessible and set the standard for the 20th century. In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, Huxley makes Ford the center-point for why the new society was created, the old one was un-happy and inefficient. Replacing God with Ford, Brave New World, showcases how Ford’s ideas could have been implemented. 2. Vladimir Lenin was the first person to make a country completely communist. With his uniting of the Soviet Union, Lenin integrated his communist ideologies into its member countries. Lenin derives many of his beliefs from his time when he was a member of the Bolshevik faction. This is where he accumulated Marxism fundamentals. Unlike in Brave New World, Lenin believed in a single class. Brave New World, invasions a perfect society with multiple social classes. In these classes, all of their members are perfectly fit with where they stand in society. There is neither backlash nor hatred among the population against the other classes. Lenin, however, believes that having different classes arouses hatred amongst a society’s citizens. 3. Thomas Malthus was an English economist that is much acclaimed for inventing modern-day rent as well as sparking awareness of population growth. The father of Malthusianism, he believed that economic factors were to be held above all else in a society. He also believed that England’s out-of-control population growth would eventually hurt the economy. He believed that the government should play a role in determining population growth. He was also, however, a firm believer in natural selection. Brave New World follows many of Malthus’ ideas. The primary being his belief of population growth control. Huxley implements this by having the government control all factors of the population and essentially removes bad-traits through natural selection. The society only produces people that have few DNA imperfections, allowing them to be the strongest. This essentially removes natural selection as a problem for the society. 4. Thomas Hunt Morgan was an evolutionary geneticist. He is praised with having found that genes are carried on chromosomes. Morgan also found the significance of sex-linked traits and was able to prove Darwin’s sex determination theory incorrect. Brave New World demonstrates Morgan’s genetic heredity theories by utilizing genetics to artificially create people. 5. Lewis Henry Morgan was an acclaimed anthropologist. He theorized that society in general is much greater than the need for a family. He stressed that kinship must be attained by all of the societies members. He also believed that people must sense belongingness within a group in order to feel happy. Brave New World demonstrates Morgan’s fundamentals by embracing the need to belong, in order to feel happy. Citizens in Brave New World are made to feel happy by having a sense of belongingness within their own social class. They put down other social groups and only feel good about theirs. Each member is happy where he or she is in the class system. 6. Benito Mussolini was an Italian fascist dictator. Mussolini believed heavily in the national or group based identity. He wanted his citizens to act as one, having extreme pride for their nation and hiding their personal identities. He demanded that foreign influences be eradicated. Brave New World embraces Mussolini’s ideas by having its citizens share a mass-identity within their class. Individual identity differences are put aside and people only classify others past upon their class. 7. Herbert Hoover, a former U. S. president, believed that efficiency was the solid backbone of an economy. He theorized that the U. S. economy was heavily inefficient and as a result was beginning to slow down. He instituted many new government policies that were built upon this idea. Brave New World demonstrates this efficiency policy into the society’s main economy. The government controls most enterprises and believes that inefficiencies would slow down the economy. Automation and technology are utilized whenever possible. 8. Leon Trotsky was a Russian communist leader in the early 20th century. His beliefs, called Trotskyism, stated that the working class should have supreme power in government control. Brave New World implements Trotsky’s ideas through social classification with a cast system. Although there is a working class and wealthy class, the majority are working class members. Socialism is also used throughout Brave New World by the distribution of wealth and control. 9. Charles Darwin was the father of evolution and natural selection. Darwin brought about the idea of genetic evolution by theorizing that only the strongest in a population will survive and be able to carry on their genes. Brave New World takes on these ideas by utilizing genetic engineering to ensure that the society members have the best genes and have few DNA imperfections. This ensures that the members of a class will not be able to become stronger than the high class. It also ensures a broad single identity amongst a class’s members. 10. Napoleon Bonaparte was a military ruler and dictator of France and eventually most of Europe. Bonaparte used many tactics in order to control his population. He introduced Napoleonic code, which stated that men were superior and outlined a new French government. He also heavily utilized propaganda by controlling the press and restricting access to historic publications. Brave New World shares many parallels with Bonaparte. The government uses censorship in order to control public opinion. They ban texts such as Shakespeare in order to alleviate artistic interpretations and opinions. 11. Hermann von Helmholtz was a German physicist that introduced the conservation of energy and electrodynamics. Helmholtz believed that technological innovation within science was lacking but the information in order to so was. He presented that technology could be used to grow society and make it more efficient. Brave New World takes some of Helmholtz’s ideas about technological innovation and efficiency. The society pushes itself to keep innovating. The society also embraces science as a way of life through shared concepts such as thermodynamics. 12. John B. Watson was a psychologist of the behaviorism philosophy of psychology. Watson regarding everything that humans do, such as thinking, acting, or sensing, can be regarded as behaviors. These behaviors can be altered through classical or operant conditioning. Brave New World uses these ideals in order to shape how the society members think and act. Classical conditioning is used in order to change people’s behaviors. These are as simple as thinking a pant color looks good or bad. 13. Karl Marx was a German communist philosopher. He presented his ideas through Marxism, a sub-unit of communism. Working with Friedrich Engels, he believed that capitalism was a corrupt economic policy, stating that it would eventually lead to socialism, followed by communism. Brave New World encompasses his ideas by separating classes but having each class feel good about itself. Alphas look down upon epsilons, but epsilons also look down upon the alphas, instead of having jealousy. Brave New World shares the ideas of Marx but does everything possible in order to avoid them. 14. Friedrich Engels was an industrialist and co-founder of Marxism. Engels believed in a single working class with quality. Brave New World takes Engels ideas and tries to do everything possible in order to avoid a Marxist based situation. Although there are different classes, they all share similar working types and although there are higher classes, there is not a classic cast system of the haves and have-nots. 15. Jean Jacques Rousseau’s Noble Savage depicts the idea that society corrupts the good natural state of a person. Brave New World shows the noble savage as John. Not correctly anticipating the new society makes him loose his values. It shows how society changes a person’s personality in order to fit within the society. 16. The quote â€Å"God’s in his heaven – all’s right with the world† in the poem Pippa Passes is modified in Brave New World. The words God and heaven and substituted by Ford and flivver respectively. Ford is used instead of God, as modern-day religion does not exist within the new society. Ford is referred to as the cultivator of the society. Flivver is used instead of heaven as flivver referrers to something unsatisfactory or low in quality. Flivver is also used to describe old cars, notable since Ford created the modern automobile. When stating that Ford is in his flivver, this indicates that Ford has changes the world forever. Basically stating that Ford is happy where he is, the state of flivver. 17. Shakespeare’s The Tempest is used within Brave New World as an ironic symbol for the new society. When John of Brave New World and Miranda of The Tempest say â€Å"O, Brave New World†, they do not what the new society is like. They both incorrectly mistake the new world as perfect with no imperfections. Unlike Amanda, John eventually realizes the imperfections of the new world. Amanda never finds out the truth. 18. Soma is an ancient Indian herb drink. It was used to give energy to the consumer and is considered a spiritual drink. Brave New World citizens consume soma in order to relax anxiety and stress. 19. Mustafa Kemel Ataturk was the first ruler of modern-day Turkey following its independence from the Ottoman Empire. Kemel was a liberal-progressive who introduced a new Turkish alphabet and introduced many reforms under Kemalism. These included the removal of religious law and introduction of women’s rights. Brave New World encompasses several of Kemel’s beliefs such as the belief of socialism and government-controlled entities. How to cite Allusions in Brave New World, Papers

Understanding Health Informatics Research †Free Samples for Student

Question: Discuss about the Understanding Health Informatics Research. Answer: Introduction In research, there is a general relationship between the researchers and the involved participants. This lays a basis for conduction of research. The relationship between involved parties in research may broadly fall under various categories including social, economic, political and ethical factors, which impact on research differently (Australian Government, 2014).However, in some cases although scientific research is viewed as objective, these factors may lead to a compromise in the research process at various stages with varying magnitudes depending on the nature of the researchers and the participants(Australian Government, 2014). In this regard, there are various ways in which the social, economic, political and ethical issues can impact on a particular research and evaluation process. As a result, these factors lead to deviations in acquiring accurate research results. Additionally, these factors may also interfere with the evaluation process of particular research findings lea ding to further inaccuracies in research findings (Australian Government, 2014). Social, economic, political and ethical issues impact on research by compromising some fundamental human values that are essential for a successful research and evaluation process (Baum, MacDougall, Daniellesmith, 2006). When these human values fail to be exercised fully during the research period, research is detrimentally affected since the human values are the major factors on which human research is based. Consequently, reduced trust, mutual responsibility and ethical equality reduction due to ignorance of human beings respect, research merits and integrity, beneficence and justice are experienced (Australian Government, 2014). Human values give flexible and clear principles for the design, review and conduction of research. When these values get erased by the social, economic, political and ethical issues during research, there is reduced contribution to societal goals, lack of respect for cultural diversity where some culture seem to dominate over others and general suppression of the cohesion values within a particular set up(Australian Government, 2014). Social Issues Respect is among the most fundamental values necessary for a successful research and evaluation process (NAP, 2017). It is the foundation for recognizing that each human being has value and thus it creates a code of conduct in interaction with all people involved in research, whether a researcher or a participant(NAP, 2017). Respect recognizes human autonomy; the essence and capacity to determine self life and make respected own decisions. It also protects those humans with little or no autonomy and ends up empowering them. When respect is compromised, research is as well affected. For instance, some factors like social status quo impacts negatively on respect (NAP, 2017). Socially superior individuals in the community suppress the views and ideas of the socially inferior as they infringe their respect. This leads to a biased research as it is only the views of the socially superior forwarded and considered fo research findings analysis, interpretation and evaluation (Baum, MacDougal l, Daniellesmith, 2006). Researchers may also prefer to consider the views and ideas of the socially high participants as they regard them more knowledgeable than the less in the community. As a result, research integrity is negatively impacted (NAP, 2017). This is evident in the evaluation procedure where the views of the socially superior in the analysis panel seem to suppress the views of the socially inferior. For instance, in an organizations set up the senior staff may consider their views more informed than the ideas of the junior staff thus compromising the research process (Baum, MacDougall, Daniellesmith, 2006). Political Issues Politically, research may be affected by lack of upholding justice to either the researchers or the research participants. This does not refer literary to judicial justice, but rather it insinuates the act of upholding the well being of others when making some particular decisions in research (Gabr, n.d). This is mostly evident where the politically powerful in a particular set up seem to neglect the well being of other subjects or where a certain decision made during research or evaluation is detrimental to some (Gabr, n.d). Human equality may, thus, be lost with some assuming importance over others. Consequently, the effect may be reflected during research, interfering with research and resulting to research bias (Gabr, n.d). Additionally, researchers may be biased to take sides with the politically powerful in the society especially the government or top officials, thus, over riding the views and the ideas of the less powerful ones in a state (Gabr, n.d). Political issues may also determine the type of research to be conducted where some topics and methodologies may receive more support and funding than others (Gabr, n.d). Finally, there may lack expression of fair distribution of justice in terms of the benefits and burdens of research. The powerful seem to enjoy full benefits while the inferior carry the burden of research. This may also be expressed in terms of unfair procedural recruitment of participants and research review. Recruiters may consider politically powerful at the expense of the less powerful and this leads to biased research as the research participants may be dominated by a particular group with similar interests and ideas (Gabr, n.d).Examples include: politics affecting what researchers study, how they conduct it (e.g participants protection), how the researcher findings are disseminated to their users and how they are finally used. Economic Issues Economically, research may be compromised in various ways. Research may be influenced by the monetary gain by both the participants and the researchers. For instance, in the developing countries participants will tend to be more serious with their participation when there is a direct benefit associated with their participation(Team, 2017). Additionally, the researcher from poor backgrounds will conduct research satisfactorily if there is payment. On the other hand, with the developed countries where both the participants and research handle the procedures with some professionalism, the esearch is not significantly affected(Poland, Jacobson, Tilburt, nichol, 2009). However, participants and the researchers may not have humble time to concentrate on research and thus compromising the quality of the undertaking even in economically stable set ups in some cases (Marshall, 2007).As an example, research funding bodies may prioritize certain research based on the amount of money required, or considerations by funders on whether to support a certain research based on its cost. Ethical Issues Ethical issues may impact on research and evaluation in a number of ways. Both the participants and the researchers recognize some common ethical norms required in successful research. However the interpretation, application and balancing of these ethical norms among different people varies (Resnik, 2015). In these sense, some commonly upheld norms may lead to a bias in research findings based on the interpretation of a particular ethical issue in a specific community. In this regard, the research findings may be biased based on a communitys ethics (Engagement, 2017). For example, different societies may agree that murder is unacceptable but some may compromise with abortion (Resnik, 2015).Privacy and confidentiality may be compromised in some cases, affecting the quality of a research design. Also, the issue of privacy and security system at workplace identified in the previous assignment needs critical analysis in order to give an insight in the serious understanding of its manager ial impacts. The conceptualization critics about these systems will vary depending on the workers individual ethnic stands. Impact on Workplace Problem Solving The issues identified at the workplace in the previous assignment are security and privacy, integration of systems into the workplace and usability. Critical research is able to give insights into the conceptual understandings of managerial impacts of security and privacy. Ethically, workers may hold different interpretations and of varying degrees of seriousness concerning issue which may hinder concession in problem solution in the workplace (Hutton, Eccles, Grimshaw, 2008). Politically and socially, the issue of integration of systems into workplace comes in from the examples in the previous assignments. The changes in workflow, habit and roles of the members in the work setting can be impacted a lot by each members political and social stand. Thus, social, economic, political and ethical issues may be a hindrance to coming up with concrete solutions to issues arising at particular work stations (Hutton, Eccles, Grimshaw, 2008). Impact of Critical Research in Health Informatics Critical research is systematic research to critique the existing information while at the same time trying to decipher what might be missing and thus doing necessary rectification on particular issues (Hutton, Eccles, Grimshaw, 2008). When applied in health informatics, critical research promotes the systematic uptake and embracing of clinical practice and procedures therefore reducing the occurrence of inappropriate care to patients (Hutton, Eccles, Grimshaw, 2008). Critical research findings influence the behavior of health care practitioners and professionals with more emphasis on how treatments can be administered effectively to fill in the gaps indicated during research (Diemert, 2013). Critical research has also led to introduction of technology into the health informatics where there is increased efficiency in acquiring, storing, retrieving, interpretation and application f health information among the professional (Diemert, 2013). Critical research in health informatics also helps to provide important knowledge about diseases. For example, there is increased information about the trends of a particular disease, risk factors and general information concerning the fight against the disease indicating vital procedures required (NCBI, 2009). This enables the health practitioners to further their expertise and carry out their duties in health care more effectively. Various discoveries through critical research in health are shared to different parts through technology, thus making some vital information available to many health workers in different parts of the world saving time and resources for additional researches (NCBI, 2009). For example, the development of Herceptrin as a breast cancer treatment is as a result of critical research using biological samples and patients records (NCBI, 2009). In this regard, critical research has contributed highly to health informatics in to the extent of development of cures for killer diseases like breast cancer. Conclusion Health informatics research is subject to the social phenomena impacts. The social, political, economic and ethical issues prevalent in the research environment may impact the process in various ways. This ultimately affects the research process including recruitment of research assistants and participants due to the economical, political and social issues. Data acquisition, analysis, interpretation, dissemination and use may be affected by political, social, economical and ethical issues. They also impact in solving workplace issues by hindering fast issue resolution and sometimes leading to inappropriate solutions. Critical research has aided in health informatics especially in the quest of cures. In this regard, research is faced by some external factors that may be detrimental to the whole process, though it has impacted positively to health informatics especially when done critically. References Baum, F., MacDougall, C., Daniellesmith. (2006). Participatory Action Research. Journal of Epidemiology and Common Health . Diemert, D. J. (2013). Addressing Ethical, Social, and Cultural issues in Global Health Research. US National Library of Medicine . Engagement, N. c.-o. (2017). Ethical and Social Issues. National co-ordinating Centre for Public Engagement . Gabr, M. (n.d). Health ethics, Equity and human Dignity. Government, A. (2014). Values and Principles of Ethical Conduct. Working to Build a Healthy Australia .Available at:https://www.google.com/search?q=Values+and+Principles+of+Ethical+Conduct.+Working+to+Build+a+Healthy+Australia+.ie=utf-8oe=utf-8client=firefox-b [Accessed May 19, 2017] Hutton, J. L., Eccles, M. P., Grimshaw, J. M. (2008). Ethical Implementation Research: A Discussion of the Problems in Achieveing Informed Consent. Implementation Central . Marshall, P. A. (2007). Ethical Challenges in Study Design and Informed Consent for Health Research in Resource-Poor Setting. World Heath Organisation . NAP. (2017). The Research Environment and Its Impact On Integrity in Research. NAP . Available athttps://www.google.com/search?q=The+Research+Environment+and+Its+Impact+On+Integrity+in+Research.+NAPie=utf-8oe=utf-8client=firefox-b [Accessed May 19, 2017] NCBI. (2009). The Value, Importance and Oversight of Health Research. NCBI . Available at:https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Value%2C+Importance+and+Oversight+of+Health+Research.+NCBI+.ie=utf-8oe=utf-8client=firefox-b [Accessed May 19, 2017] Poland, G. A., Jacobson, R. m., Tilburt, J., nichol, K. (2009). The social, Political, Ethical and Economic Aspects of Biodefence Vaccines. Author Manuscript . Resnik, D. B. (2015). What is Ethics in Reserch and Why is it important? national Institute of Environmental Health Sciences . Team, P. H. (2017). The Impact of Political, Economic, Social-Cultural, Environmental and other External Influences. Health Knowledge .

Another meaning for Dope

Another meaning for Dope Another meaning for Dope Another meaning for Dope By Maeve Maddox This headline on Buzzfeed caused me to do a double-take: The 4 Dopest Quotes From Ruth Bader Ginsburg On Marriage  Equality Initially, I thought the article so headed would list quotations considered by the writer to be especially misguided or stupid (i.e., â€Å"dopey†). As I read further, I realized that the writer admired Associate Justice Ginsberg’s opinions as expressed in the quotations. The word dopest was intended as a compliment. The word dope has a long and checkered history in English. In its original use, dope referred to a thick liquid or semi-fluid used as an article of food or as a lubricant. The word is thought to derive from Dutch doop, â€Å"a dipping† or â€Å"a sauce.† The Dutch verb doopen means â€Å"to dip.† Other meanings related to the gooey nature of dope include or have included: A preparation, mixture, or drug which is not specifically named. A varnish applied to the cloth surface of early airplanes to strengthen and keep them taut. A substance added to gasoline or other fuel to increase its efficiency. Opium, â€Å"especially the thick treacle-like preparation used in opium-smoking.† US speakers extended this use of dope to include stupefying drugs and narcotics in general. A medical preparation given to a racehorse for the purpose of affecting its performance. Various figurative meanings have become attached to dope: Information, especially on a particular subject or of a kind not widely disseminated or easily obtained. Information, a statement, etc., designed to gloss over or disguise facts; flattering or misleading talk. Something designed to deceive or bamboozle; a fraudulent design or action; a piece of deception or humbug. A stupid person, a simpleton, a fool. Dope is also used as a verb to mean â€Å"apply or to administer dope in one of its senses.† The use of dope as an adjective entered English slang in the 1980s, by way of rap music: 1981  J. Spicer Money (song) in L. Stanley Rap: the Lyrics (1992) 301  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Yo, man, them boys is dope This record is dope.† (OED) As for the word dopest used in the quotation about Justice Ginsberg, it is a slang expression meaning, â€Å"sickest, coolest, tightest, most awesome.† It is not standard usage and does not convey a positive connotation to speakers of standard English. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to AvoidSocial vs. SocietalWhat’s the Best Way to Refer to a Romantic Partner?

Sustaining Democracy in Latin America essays

Sustaining Democracy in Latin America essays In order to determine if democracy is sustainable in Latin America, it is important to understand or at least have an idea of what democracy is. There are several types of democracy and each is different. According to the English dictionary, democracy is " a government by the people; especially: rule of the majority by a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections and the absence of hereditary or arbitrary class distinctions or privileges (Webster's Dictionary). It is a common view among American politicians that maintaining democracy in Latin America could be achieved through holding honest elections, installing civilian governments, and preventing military coups (Millett). Although Latin America participates in some type or form of free elections, that does not necessarily constitute a legitimate democracy that represents the people. The power is not necessarily vested in the people in Latin America but with the elected officials. Latin American democracy and United States democracy are uniquely different and therefore they are not comparable by the same definition of democracy. The difference results from many factors. In large part, Latin America is unique because of its Iberian heritage, history, and tradition (Millett). The conquest of Latin America by Spain and the methods of rule and traditions have largely influenced the development of Latin American democracy. The Spanish mercantile system and the methods and practices it produced have had a direct impact on all the factors that help sustain democracy. The two main factors in Latin American democracy are society and economics. Colonial ideas of fueros, caste systems, and church ideologies during the inquisition, have influenced Latin America socially. Economically Spanish mercantilism has made Latin America dependent on outsi...

African American Studies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

African American Studies - Research Paper Example From the political standpoint, it is interesting to note how the criminal justice system across most societies is deliberately organized against African Americans. African Americans in the USA have faced racial discrimination in the courthouses and by the laws that have been passed by the state; also, since the Jim Crow Laws had been passed since the 1900s, the African Americans were segregated from the rest of the population, and denied equality in many areas of social life such as voting (Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System ,page 66). Also, even though African Americans make up 13% of the population in the USA, in 2004 African Americans were accused of "47.2% of murders, 53.3% of robberies, 31.9% of rapes, and 32.7% of assaults," (Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System, page 67); as we can see, this seems to be a skewed and disproportionate report, one that demonstrates racial discrimination against the African Americans. Following the "Rodney King" c ase, it was found that there does seem to be racial prejudice and bias being practiced against the African Americans, seen from the use of excessive violence, verbal harassment and invasive actions against them by police officers, (Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System, page 67). Moving onto historic examples of discrimination against African Americans, it would be worthwhile to mention the incident of the Red Summer of 1919, in which African Americans and the white population of Chicago launched into racially charged riots that lasted for 5 days; many African Americans were lynched, shot, wounded. The most significant reason for these racial riots was due to the feeling of intolerance and xenophobia towards the African Americans (Norvell & Tuttle , page 210). There was also a general feeling amongst the white population to push the African Americans back to the "bottom rung of the

Tainted Love Composed by Ed Cobb Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tainted Love Composed by Ed Cobb - Essay Example Tainted Love was composed by Ed Cobb, a songwriter and originally recorded by Gloria Jones, a soul singer, in 1965. However, the song emerged a mainstream hit in 1981 performed by Soft Cell duo, Marc Almond and David Ball as a cover song. Almond and David Ball, the core of the Soft Cell band, left their mark on the generation that lives today. Both Almond and Ball came from Leeds, U.K and had a mundane music career. They had redundant failures, which made their recording company to give them one last chance to make a hit. They utilize this last chance to make the song Tainted Love not feeling sanguine when recording it. Every radio station in the United Kingdom was awash with the song. Soft Cell’s version hit the top of the U.K’s single charts and maneuvered its way to Top 40 in the United States a year later, peaking at position 8. Tainted Love by Soft Cell was synth-driven and danceable. Enriched with Marc Almond’s vocals alternating torched and sleazy, it is agreeable that this was one of the epic songs of its time. They went ahead to set a Guinness World Record for the longest consecutive stay on the U.S Billboard Hot 100 chart. Compared with the original version done by Gloria, Soft Cell’s version portrayed a darker edge. In spite of the fact that the band had it as a cover song for their album, their synth-pop approach made the song sound more original. Soft Cell virtually owned the song. Soft Cell’s Tainted Love is my favorite ballad especially because of the jocular manner in which the singer says he wants to run away because he has endured a lot. The song is indeed heart-rending and makes one feel like true love never exist. Different people can have a varying interpretation of a song. According to me, the song Tainted Love is about unconsummated love.  

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Uses and Properties

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Uses and Properties CFRP: carbon fiber reinforced polymer Urvish Gajjar In the end of 1800s first time Edison used the carbon fiber in the electricity bulb. CFRP- carbon fiber reinforced polymer is a one type of the carbon fiber. Edison used the fiber into the filament of bulb but he was unsuccessful because his fiber produced by carbonization of cellulose stand such as cotton or from bamboo. Because of the not specific design and not specified properties his fiber was failed. Then after that time the research was start on fiber and in the middle of the 19th century carbon fiber used in insulation or in high temperature furnaces and in the industries like chemical plants and mechanical plant where we need some strength material. Before end of 19th century the increment shows in the carbon fiber field when the manufacturing process developed very well and allows for high modulus and high powerful fiber the reinforced process apply to the fiber and then they find the new type of carbon fiber which is CFRP. In Japan, first time work done in the CFRP field by 3 scientist of Japanese bureau of industrial technology. They were using poly acrylonitrile – PAN in the base material to manufacture carbon fiber this fiber had a high degree of molecular orientation. Then from that days the improvement is in process and now a days we can use PAN is major material in common use. The high stiffness and strength properties and low mass of CFRP have lead to more use in the aircraft and other industries. In 1977 CFRP use as skins in the aircraft. It was used in the vertical fin box and leading edge in the F-16 air force aircraft. CFRP has a very different properties one of its property is a very low co-efficient of thermal expansion that’s way it can used in space air craft because space aircraft has been work in the galaxy and there the temperature is between -110c to90c. Then in the 1980 CFRP was taken as reinforcement to strong then concrete beams then they people use carbon fiber poly mer in reinforced process and got the CFRP. So that’s a short past about the carbon fiber reinforced polymer In the synthesis or in making of the structure of CFRP in this composite more than two materials can be use so in the first step one material can be take as a basic or supporting matrix and at that time the second material build a structure on that base and reinforced the the hall material . this process is a very complex and costly .this hall process can be work under the certain temperature and pressure . After this process an epoxy can be filled out on the base material and make a hard and strong material then after the material cooled out . the mixture can produce by fiber of the different material in the main matrix. This way we can produce the CFRP from the carbon fiber. Fig 1. CFRP bond view In the Fig 1 we can see the large view from the gap of the two layer and how to build the layer of the polymer. In the aircraft the part of the aircraft need a strong tensile strength and the need the material which can not react on the environmental condition. So CFRP satisfy all this condition so it can be easily used in the aircraft industries for making the wings, tail of the aircraft For aircraft most important is the properties of the material which is used in manufacturing of aircraft because if the material has not sufficient properties related to aircraft it can be fail in future . CFRP is a one type of composite material. So it has a mixture of the two material so, it has two different kind of properties of two different material. CFRP has two part one is matrix and another is reinforcement. Second part is fiber so they give a high strength and first one is polymer which give a rigidity.In that because of carbon fiber CFRP has a high modulus of elasticity. And also have a low density, high tensile strength and last one is most important which low chemical reaction which is most useful properties for aircraft material. Fiber has a many different type of composite material but CFRP is a special one because it has a many positive properti9esw and many advantage given composite material the start with it’s advantage CFRP is a very strong material but with the extremely light weight it has been used in internal part of aero plane and car’s structure. The good thing about the CFRP is it has a high strength, rigidity, resistanc3e and low corrosion. so that’s way it is use in various important structure component. There are in composite material other material also have a good properties but CFRP is manufacture in specific condition so because of that reason CFRP has a good properties then other composite material .especially in field of aviation and space lights. This reinforced polymer s are the incredible potential see on other benefits of this material is that it is a low thermal expansion so it cannot more contract orexpand in such a different thermal condition. CFRP is a less corrosion properties because when the material manufacture with the specific resins, carbon fiber is used ant this one is a most corrosion resistance material so it is a less corrosive. We see the different advantage of CFRP is durability, radiolucency, electrical conductivity and ultra-violate resistance. CF is transparent to radian and invisible in X- rays so CFRP is radiolucency. Every material has a benefits and a drawback. CFRP also have some disadvantages. This material is very costly and its structure is very complicated and complex. It is a creep, low flexibility and brittleness material. In its disadvantage one of the major is that in the manufacturing time if there some mistake happen or process run improperly themn the hall material is useless and we can not use that material any more. So in it’s production time have to very carefull and we need special skilled worker. CFRP’s uses are increase day by day because now a days people need a reliable and easy accessable products. CFRP is a l0ow weight and good properties so people used this composite material in different field . In aerospace industries there are highest use of this material In past first aircraft made by composite material in that almost half percent material is CFRP. Then the branded car rolls-royce also use this material in that cars and bow a days in automotive, civil that’s all engineering field increase the use of the CFRP. If we see the different field like a sports , music and kitchen thaqt’s goods are make from the CFRP. In in future in this world mostly products are make from the carbon fiber. Second, in medical field dentist use the machine for operation that’s all are made from carbon fiber. So, we see small part of machine to Hugh aircraft all where we use this material. Fig. 2 composite material used in aircraft Source:educare-zone.blogspot.com If we see from environment engineering site, the nature is give a high thinking and attention from today’s community. This is right for composite material as well. As we see ahead , that composite material is a light weight and high strength, that’s affect the environmental but it is low compare to real material like steel. Yes some time if we make a wrong composition for material that time its affect the nature .polymer is only affect by it’s pollution not other way. So, at last, CFRP is a good composite material if we use it perfectly References History of carbon fiber http://www.hj3.com/company/history-of-carbon-fiber/ Sarah Lynn Orton. Development of CFRP system UMI Ann Arbor, USA September 2007 Dr. Joseph Kuruvilla , â€Å"CFRP composite-preparation , properties and app† , Wiley-Vch verlag Co. , March 2012 http://www.studymode.com/essays/Advantages-And-Disadvantages-Of-Carbon-Fibre-1775287.html http://educare-zone.blogspot.com/2013/12/basic-workshop-technology-engineering.html Hinton M.J, â€Å" Failure Criteria in Fibre-Reinforced-Polymer Composites: The World-Wide Failure Exercise† journal , online published on 2004. 1

Perfume Suskind

Interactive Oral: Debate Title: How was your understanding of cultural and contextual considerations of the work developed through the interactive oral? The setting of Perfume was crafted accordingly to author’s intention so that the main character would develop specific characterizations that will later on, lead him to make a decision whether to live or to die.Suskind does this by placing Grenouille, who has a keen sense of smell in the 18th century France and distinctively allowed the plot to develop and establish in a setting of a malodorous and a scent-conscious society, where people were obsessed with pleasurable scent and uses it distinguish themselves within the hierarchy. In addition, Suskind hinted that smell is depicted more than merely the ingredients of a perfume but could also be a resemblance as the scent of a person’s soul, thus he made a correlation between the existences of with the existence of a person’s soul.Hence in Perfume, scent has become the crucial factor in determining the human soul, the identity of oneself. Suskind also made a point where your own smell will give away your identity like the poor would have malodorous smell but ironically, he decided to leave the main character scentless. Grenouille was isolated simply because in the eyes of the society, he does not have the substance (body odour) that established his identity as a human being. Moreover, Grenouille also decided to detach himself away from the society because he does not have the need to establish relationships.Through isolation and detachment, Suskind have effectively molded the main character’s psychological state of mind by limiting Grenouille’s knowledge and only allowed him to gain knowledge through smell and scent rather than language itself so that Grenouille only understood that things that smells, exist. During an epiphany and Grenouille’s encounter with the â€Å"fog†, he discovered and learnt the truth that h e does not bear a smell or scent (based on his knowledge and understanding) and he belonged nowhere within the hierarchy, he felt his own personal identity is hindered almost as though he does not fully exist.The cumulated awareness has aided him to realize upon the ultimate truth that he was indeed born scentless and can never own a scent. Upon discovering and understanding the final truth, he decided that his existing life has bared no significance to himself, hence leading to his choice to die. Perfume was written in such a way that it indirectly criticizes the human’s nature – the endless greed through Grenouille, where he chooses to pursue after something that is beyond his competence. (408) Grenouille reached an epiphany when he encountered the â€Å"fog† in his dreams.The fog indirectly symbolizes as the ultimate truth which he has not explored and fully implicit. Grenouille only understood that he could not smell the fog hence the fog implies as a non-ex istent thing. This is how he had a realization that he is nonexistent. Again Suskind successfully correlate scent as identity. The moment he realized that the fog is a part of him, he had internal conflicts where he understood that he does not have an identity based on his understanding. He realized that he belonged nowhere in the hierarchy – hence only understood that his personal identity is hindered because he does not have smell of his own.When Grenouille realized that he was scentless and found himself to be nowhere within the category, he felt his own personal identity is hindered almost as though he does not fully exist. Hence such understanding has led him to an internal conflict where he realized that he was born scentless and his created scent could never be his thus leading to his choice to die. The setting was crafted in such way that it affects the main character’s psychological state of mind and its characterizations towards the choices. (332)

Crossing Essay

Since the beginning of human life, fathers from around the world have played a vital role in their sons’ lives, whom they have had to learn to fish, hunt and survive in general. It has been crucial for fathers to hand over their knowledge to their sons. Concurrently with the development of human life and its foundation, it has been possible to form a social stratum given that it has been facilitated for some people to make more money than other people have. Furthermore, this evolution was an influence on the family relationship, were the man became the new capital in society, and thus became more important than the woman. As the men were working, the women became responsible for the children and therefore had an enormous impact on the behaviour and upbringing of the children. Mark Slouka’s short story, ‘Crossing’, from 2009 shows a number of these important themes, such as the father/son-relationship and man vs. nature. The protagonist in the short story is the father, an unnamed man somewhere between 30-50 years old. The father finds himself in a small depression: †He hadn’t been happy in a while.† 1. Recently, the father was divorced from the mother of his son, which is shown in his thoughts about whether he had missed his wife or not. â€Å"†¦he hadn’t wanted her back, hadn’t wanted much of anything really† 2. Even though the main character has a guilty conscience, and it seems that he is the one to blame for the divorce – he feels a desire to make things work again – both his relationship to his ex-wife and most important of all, the relationship to his son. â€Å"When he looked at her she shook her head and looked away and at that moment he thought, maybe — maybe he could make this right.† 3. The father comes across as an honest, caring and loving father to his son, and quickly we consolidate sympathy with him as a reader. â€Å"†¦when the boy came running into the living room he threw him over his shoulder, careful not to hit his head on the corner of the TV†¦Ã¢â‚¬  4. The protagonist takes his son on a trip to make up for the divorce and to improve their relationship. The father wants to share some of his childhood memories he had as a young boy with his dad. The main character used to go on this exact trip; therefore, he repeats the same rituals and traditions to give his son the same experience. †This is it, kid, the old man would say whenever they turned off the main road, you excited? Every year †¦Ã¢â‚¬ Almost there,† he said to the little boy next to him. â€Å"You excited?†Ã¢â‚¬  5. As the main character sees  the river for the first time in many years, he is considering calling of the trip – the river is much greater than he had expected from it. Yet, he believes that there is no way out – he cannot turn around. There is nowhere else to go, which could symbolize him being in the middle of something – with no turning back. †For a moment he considered pulling out, explaining †¦ but there was nowhere else to go.† 6. During the short story, the father gives his thoughts and some comments on the things happening, which builds up a thrill in the story. The protagonist points out repeatedly that what they are about to do is dangerous. He knows that he is putting himself and his son into danger, but he wants to convince himself and his son about the fact that he is a good father. â€Å"People in a hurry get in trouble.† 7. â€Å"†So what do you do if you fall? He remembered asking once †¦ – and the old man calling back of his shoulder, â€Å"Do not fuckin ‘fall.† 8. The solicitude of the father reappears as he tries to calm down the boy as he stumbles in the river on their way back. The father knows that they are in a bad situation but he remains calm for the boy’s sake. In fact, the father himself is very scared and afraid of what is going to happened – at this point he has lost hope. Even though, he wants to appear brave and to show himself from his best side, when all he wants is to be a good father. â€Å"He could hear himself, breathing hard. †I’m okay, kiddo. I’m okay. That was not good, but we’re fine. â€Å"They were fine. 9. Since we do not have access to the boy’s thoughts and feelings, Mark Slouka draws a picture of him with descriptions through the father’s mind of the boy. We get the picture of a little fragile boy, who needs to be taken care of by his father. This makes us sympathize with the boy and especially the father, who needs to take care of him throughout their trip in the wilderness. †He tried not to look at the boy sitting where he’d left him on the opposite shore because there was something about the smallness of him in his blue shorts against the bank of stones he didn’t like†¦Ã¢â‚¬  10. There is a third person narrator in the short story, which is attached to the father since we get to know his inner feeling and memories. â€Å"You never see it, he thought.† 11. Slouka places the point of view with the father in order to show us how he experiences the situation of having been divorced, and how he now tries to regain order and meaning in his difficult life. The short story is arranged in chronological sequences, but with flashbacks. The time jumps from the present to the past. The present is in the wilderness at the river, and the past is when the father picks up the boy at his moms, and when he thinks back on his own childhood. The amount of energy used to build up the tension in the story is great. From start to finish, the reader is given a feeling of discomfort, and that something bad will happen. The author achieves this suspense by using the environment and the mood of the story. From the beginning the mood ominous and menacing. Rain, fog and emptiness dominate the description of the environment they find themselves in. In this way, the thrill is build up just as slowly, and as a reader, you are waiting for something terrible to hap pen. †It was raining†¦ [†¦] A black road†¦ [†¦] The line of the open sky in the east was razor sharp†¦ [†¦] The empty road†¦Ã¢â‚¬  12. The river is the main environment in which the story takes place, in and around. The river is larger and more violent than the main character remembers it: â€Å"The river was bigger than he remembered it, stronger.† 13. The river itself show some ominous signs as well which helps building excitement in the story. You always have the feeling that something bad is going to happen. When standing in front of the river, they sees something in the river that looks dead, something that has been shot. As a reader you are left with the question whether they survive the river or not. Furthermore, the ending points in the direction of death. †He wanted to scream for help. There was no one – just the rushing plain of the river, the trees†¦Everything had come together. He couldn’t move. He was barely holding on. There was no way.† 14. In addition, the title â€Å"Crossing† points in the direction of death. When you use the phrase â€Å"crossing over† it is usually associated with death. You will go to the other side. It is a bridge between life and death. The river becomes the tunnel – the question is if they reach the light or survives from it. The ending might seem unfair, tragic and unreasonable. However, the open ending gives the reader a choice of life and death – The author puts the characters destiny into our hands. Even though the story ends up in a bad way to the father and son, the trip has been a journey that has brought the two characters even closer. In fact, the father gets the perfect opportunity to perform the action of being a good parent. The most important thing in the father’s life ended up being the last. The short story shows how little and insignificant man is in relation to Mother Nature.

Sitting Presidents During Major American Wars

Who was the president during each of the major U.S. wars? Heres a list of the most significant wars the U.S. has been involved in, and the wartime presidents who held office during those times.   The American Revolution   The Revolutionary War, also called the American War for Independence,  was fought from 1775 through 1783.  George Washington  was president. Spurred on by the Boston Tea Party in 1773, 13 North American colonies fought Great Britain in an effort to escape from British rule and to become a country unto themselves. The War of 1812 James Madison  was president when the U.S. next challenged Great Britain in 1812. The British did not graciously accept American independence after the Revolutionary War. Britain began seizing American sailors and doing its best to interrupt American trade. The War of 1812 has been called the Second War of Independence. It lasted until 1815.   The Mexican-American War The U.S. clashed with Mexico in 1846 when Mexico resisted  James K. Polks vision of a manifest destiny for America. War was declared as part of Americas effort to forge westward. The first battle took place on the Rio Grande. By 1848, America had taken possession of a huge swath of land, including the modern-day states of Utah, Nevada, California, New Mexico, and Arizona.   The Civil War The War Between the States lasted from 1861 until 1865.  Abraham Lincoln  was president. Lincolns opposition to slavery was well known and seven southern states promptly seceded from the union when he was elected, leaving him with a real mess on his hands. They formed the Confederate States of America and the Civil War broke out as Lincoln took steps to bring them back into the fold — and to emancipate their slaves in the process. Four more states seceded before the dust from the first Civil War battle had settled.   The Spanish American War This was a brief one, technically lasting less than a year in 1898. Tensions first began escalating between the U.S. and Spain in 1895 as Cuba fought back against Spains dominance and the U.S. supported its efforts. William McKinley  was president. Spain declared war against America on April 24, 1898. McKinley responded by declaring war as well on April 25. Not one to be upstaged, he made his declaration retroactive to April 21. The whole thing was over by December, with Spain relinquishing Cuba and ceding the territories of Guam and Puerto Rico to the U.S. Who Was President During WW1? The First World War broke out in 1914. It pitted the Central Powers (Germany, Bulgaria, Austria, Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire) against the formidable Allied Powers of the U.S., Great Britain, Japan, Italy, Romania, France, and Russia. By the time the war ended in 1918, more than 16 million people were dead, including civilians.  Woodrow Wilson  was president at the time. Presidents During WW2 Raging from 1939 until 1945, World War II actually monopolized the time and attention of two presidents:  Franklin Roosevelt and Harry S Truman. It began when Hitler invaded Poland and France. Great Britain declared war on Germany two days later. Soon, more than 30 countries were involved, with Japan  (among several other countries) joining forces with Germany. By V-J Day in August 1845, this had become the most devastating war in history, claiming between 50 and 100 million lives. The exact total has never been calculated.   The Korean War Dwight Eisenhower  was president when the Korean War broke out just five years later in 1950. Credited with being the opening salvo of the Cold War, the Korean War began when North Korean soldiers invaded other Soviet-backed Korean territories in June. The U.S. got involved to support South Korea in August. There was some concern that the fighting would mushroom into World War III, but it resolved in 1953, at least to some extent. The Korean peninsula continues to be a hotbed of political tension.   The Vietnam War Its been called the most unpopular war in American history, and four presidents (Dwight Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, and Richard Nixon) inherited this nightmare. It lasted 15 years, from 1960 through 1975. At issue was a division not unlike that which prompted the Korean War, with Communist North Vietnam and Russia opposing U.S.-backed South Vietnam. The ultimate death toll included almost 30,000 Vietnamese civilians and roughly an equal number of American soldiers. With chants of Not our war! resounding across the U.S., President Nixon finally pulled the plug in 1973. It was two more years before U.S. forces were officially withdrawn from the region in 1975 and Communist forces took control of Saigon.   The Persian Gulf War This one landed in President  George H. W. Bushs lap in 1990 when Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait in August. He thumbed his nose at the Union Nations Security Council when it instructed him to withdraw his forces. Saudi Arabia and Egypt requested the assistance of the U.S. to help prevent Iraqs invasion of neighboring territories. America, along with several allies, complied. Operation Desert Storm raged for 42 days until President Bush declared a ceasefire in February 1991.   The Iraq War Peace or something like it settled over the Persian Gulf until 2003 when Iraq again prompted hostilities in the region.  George W. Bush  was at the helm at the time. The U.S., aided by Great Britain, successfully invaded Iraq, then insurgents took exception to this state of affairs and hostilities broke out again. The conflict didnt resolve until Barack Obamas presidency when American forces withdrew from the region by December 2011.